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Vancouver (AMA) referencing style

A guide to referencing in the Vancouver (American Medical Association - AMA) style. Includes tips for using EndNote.

YouTube video

Elements of the citation Author AA, Author BB. Title of video. Title of Website. Month DD, YYYY. (date published) Accessed Month DD, YYYY. URL
Reference list
  1. University of California Television. Ketogenesis and fasting: Fuel for the brain. YouTube. August 15, 2020. Accessed June 27, 2024. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H33vuQLIiXE&feature=emb_logo
EndNote reference type

Web Page

  • Enter 'YouTube' as the title of the website in the Place Published field.
  • Add the date published to the Year field. Include the month and day (Month DD) in this field if known, e.g May 16, 2020, or May, 2020.
  • Add the date updated (Month DD, YYYY) to the Last Update Date field.
  • Enter the URL in the URL field and the access date in the Access Date field, e.g. September 11, 2024 (ignore the Access Year field).

X post

Elements of the citation

Author. Text of the post. Month DD, YYYY. (date published) Accessed Month DD, YYYY. URL

  • Social media posts can be useful to reference to describe current events, or to illustrate societal trends or viewpoints. For general information though you should consider whether it would be more appropriate for you to reference a more scholarly source such as journal articles or scholarly books. 
  • Use the handle of the X account as the author
  • As posts will not have a title, the full text of the post may be used. Alternatively the first sentence may be used in the interests of brevity
Reference list
  1. @APA. September is Suicide Prevention Awareness Month. Not everyone shows the same signs that they’re thinking about suicide, but if you or a loved one are experiencing these behaviors or feelings, help is available. Learn more: https://at.apa.org/m2t #suicideprevention #988lifeline. September 2, 2024. Accessed September 9, 2024. https://twitter.com/APA/status/1830253048154739031
  2. @VicGovDH. Nurse-on-Call (1300 60 60 24) is a free helpline that connects you with a registered nurse 24/7. September 5, 2024. Accessed September 9, 2024. https://twitter.com/VicGovDH/status/1831500265586835678
In-text reference

...and the suicide prevention program was promoted by the American Psychological Association.1

The Victorian Department of Health recently posted about such services on its X account.2

EndNote reference type

Social Media

  • Enter the username/handle with @ in the Username field.
  • Copy the text of the post in the Full Post Text field.
  • Add the full date (Month DD, YYYY) to Post Date.
  • Enter the URL in the URL field and the access date in the Access Date field, e.g. September 11, 2024.

Facebook post

Elements of the citation

Author. Text of the post. Month DD, YYYY. (date published) Accessed Month DD, YYYY. URL

  • Social media posts can be useful to reference to describe current events, or to illustrate societal trends or viewpoints. For general information though you should consider whether it would be more appropriate for you to reference a more scholarly source such as journal articles or scholarly books. 
  • Use the official name of the Facebook page as the author
  • As posts will not have a title, the full text of the post may be used. Alternatively the first sentence may be used in the interests of brevity
Reference list
  1. Dr Joseph Mercola Facebook page. Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) are everywhere, from cell phones to Wi-Fi, but could they be impacting your health? Research suggests long-term exposure may be linked to serious health risks. September 9, 2024. Accessed September 9, 2024. https://www.facebook.com/share/p/Zbz6LY59RVXuibFC/
In-text reference

...information can spread via social media posts from alternative health influencers.1

EndNote reference type

Social Media

  • Enter the name of the Facebook page in the Username field, e.g. Dr Joseph Mercola Facebook page
  • Copy the text of the post in the Full Post Text field. If the post is too long, add the first sentence.
  • Add the full date (Month DD, YYYY) to Post Date.
  • Enter the URL in the URL field and the access date in the Access Date field, e.g. September 11, 2024.

Podcasts

Elements of the citation Host AA, Host BB. Title of Podcast. Title of episode. Month DD, YYYY. (date published if available) Accessed Month DD, YYYY. URL
Reference list
  1. Qadar S. All in the Mind. Stigma, shame and schizophrenia. April 28, 2024. Accessed June 27, 2024. https://www.abc.net.au/listen/programs/allinthemind/stigma-shame-schizophrenia-elfy-scott/103683900
EndNote reference type

Podcast

  • Add title of the podcast to the Title of Podcast field and the title of the episode to Title of Show field.
  • Enter month and day (Month DD) to Date, and year (YYYY) to the Year fields.
  • Enter the URL in the URL field and the access date in the Access Date field, e.g. September 11, 2024.

Other items on the web

Elements of the citation Author AA, Author BB. Title of item. Title of Website. Month DD, YYYY. (date published if available) Updated Month DD, YYYY. (date updated if available) Accessed Month DD, YYYY. URL
 
  • Use this format for items found on the Web which do not fit into another category in this guide 
  • If there are no authors listed, it's often reasonable to attribute authorship to the organisation responsible for the item.  
  • If the item has been authored by an organisation, and the name of the organisation and the title of the web site are the same, the author can be omitted from the front of the reference
Reference list
  1. Hospital stay guidelines, a guide for hospital staff. Western Australian Department of Health. 2023. Accessed September 20, 2024. https://www.health.wa.gov.au/~/media/Corp/Documents/Health-for/Health-Networks/Disability/Hospital-Stay-Guidelines-Part-3.pdf
  2. Speech pathology management plan. ReturnToWorkSA. 2018. Updated June, 2018. Accessed September 20, 2024. https://www.rtwsa.com/__data/assets/word_doc/0008/81098/Speech-Pathology-management-plan.docx
EndNote reference type

Web Page

  • Enter the title of the website in the Place Published field.
  • Add the date published to the Year field. Include the month and day (Month DD) in this field if known, e.g May 16, 2020, or May, 2020.
  • Add the date updated (Month DD, YYYY) to the Last Update Date field.
  • Enter the URL in the URL field and the access date in the Access Date field, e.g. September 11, 2024 (ignore the Access Year field).

Blog post

Elements of the citation Author AA, Author BB. Title of post. Name of Blog blog. Month day, year. Accessed Month DD, YYYY. URL
Reference list
  1. Kerego EN. Lack of children’s hospitals: challenge in delivering comprehensive care for children in LMICs. BMJ Global Health blog. April 25, 2024. Accessed September 9, 2024. https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjgh/2024/04/25/lack-of-childrens-hospitals-challenge-in-delivering-comprehensive-care-for-children-in-lmics/
  2. Lakeshore Foundation. The built environment: ensuring accessibility for clients with disabilities. ACE Insights blog. August 22, 2024. Accessed September 9, 2024. https://www.acefitness.org/resources/pros/expert-articles/8718/the-built-environment-ensuring-accessibility-for-clients-with-disabilities/
EndNote reference type

Blog

  • Add month and day (Month DD) to Date, and year (YYYY) to the Year fields.
  • Enter the URL in the URL field and the date the item was last accessed n the Access Date field, e.g. September 11, 2024. The word "Accessed" will print automatically before the date.