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Chicago 16th edition referencing style

Footnotes and Bibliography for the Chicago Manual of Style 16th edition

Journal articles

The article title is enclosed in quotation marks, and not italicised.

The title of the journal is italicised.

The specific issue within the volume can be identified as a number (see examples 2, 4 and 7 in the next box) or as a date (see example 1).

In the footnote only cite the specific page numbers to which you are referring. The complete inclusive page numbers will be given in the bibliography at the end of your document.

For a citation to a book review, see example 4.

When citing an electronic journal article, give the digital object identifier (DOI) if available: see example 6 below. If no DOI is available, give the URL: see example 5. If there is no stable or permanent URL or DOI, just give the name of the database from which you retrieved the article.

Articles in magazines are cited by date (not in parentheses). See example 6.

Journal article examples

1. Claire Nicolay, "The Anxiety of 'Mosaic' Influence: Thackeray, Disraeli and Anglo-Jewish Assimilation in the 1840s," Nineteenth Century Contexts 25 (June 2003): 123.

For a subsequent, shortened reference to this article, see example 3 below.

2. Roland Quinault, "Afghanistan and Gladstone's Moral Foreign Policy," History Today 52, no. 12 (2002): 29.

3. Nicolay, "Anxiety of 'Mosaic' Influence," 125.

4. Christopher J. Lee, review of African Words, African Voices, ed. Luise White, Stephan F. Miescher and David William Cohen, Oral History Review 31, no. 1 (2004): 83.

5. Robert Dessaix, "Russia: The End of an Affair," Australian Humanities Review 6 (1997), http://www.australianhumanitiesreview.org/archive/Issue-June-1997/dessaix.html.

6. Ashley Ekins, "Exploding the Myths of Gallipoli," The Bulletin, April 27, 2004, 31.

7. Patrick Gray, " Abortion, Infanticide, and the Social Rhetoric of the Apocalypse of Peter," Journal of Early Christian Studies 9, no. 3 (2001): 318, doi:10.1353/earl.2001.0042.