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Chicago 16th edition referencing style

Footnotes and Bibliography for the Chicago Manual of Style 16th edition

Bibliography

The bibliography at the end of the document should include all the works which you used in the preparation of your essay, whether you cited them directly or not.

The entries in the bibliography should be listed alphabetically by the first author's family name, or by title if there is no author named. It is normal to format each reference with a hanging indent.

The format of references in the bibliography is similar to the format used in the footnotes, but there are some differences:

  • The sections of the reference are separated by full stops instead of commas.
  • The name of the first author is inverted, so that the family name appears first. Nov. 2012 (JE) 9
  • All authors are listed. Only the name of the first author is inverted. See the reference by Evans and others in the examples below. (However if there are more than ten authors, list only the first seven, followed by "et al.")
  • Page numbers for articles should give the complete inclusive pagination of the article.
  • Publishing details for books are not enclosed in brackets.

The references listed in the previous sections of this guide are repeated below, in the form in which they would occur in a bibliography. Note the differences in format.

Examples

Appian. The Civil Wars. Translated by John Carter. Penguin Classics. London: Penguin Books, 1996.

Australia. Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. "About Australia: Indigenous Languages." Last updated August 2008. http://www.dfat.gov.au/facts/Indigenous_languages.html.

Bosworth, A. B. Conquest and Empire: The Reign of Alexander the Great. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.

Buch, Neville Douglas. "American Influence on Protestantism in Queensland since 1945." PhD thesis, University of Queensland, 1994.

Clark, Manning. A History of Australia. 6 vols. Carlton, Vic.: Melbourne University Press, 1962- 87.

Conflict: A Nation Faces the Challenge. Brisbane: Freedom Publishing, 1961.

Dessaix, Robert. "Russia: The End of an Affair." Australian Humanities Review 6 (1997). http://www.australianhumanitiesreview.org/archive/Issue-June-1997/dessaix.html.

Dewald, Jonathan. "The Early Modern Period." In Encyclopedia of European Social History, edited by Peter N. Stearns, 1:165-77. Detroit: Scribner, 2001. Gale Virtual Reference Library.

Dewitt, Mike and Daniel Jonah Goldhagen. Worse Than War. Produced and directed by Mike Dewitt. JTN Productions and WNET.ORG, 2009. Video. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w7cZuhqSzzc.

Doniger, Wendy. Splitting the Difference: Gender and Myth in Ancient Greece and India. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999.

Ekins, Ashley. "Exploding the Myths of Gallipoli." The Bulletin, April 27, 2004, 30-33.

Evans, Raymond, Clive Moore, Kay Saunders, and Bryan Jamison. 1901, Our Future's Past: Documenting Australia's Federation. Sydney: Macmillan, 1997.

Francisco, Ronald A. "The Dictator's Dilemma." Paper presented at the Conference on Repression and Mobilization, University of Maryland, June 21-24, 2001. http://lark.cc.ku.edu/~ronfran/dictatorsdilemma.htm.

Fuller, J. F. C. The Generalship of Alexander the Great. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1981.

Graham, George. Philosophy of Mind: An Introduction. 2nd ed. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 1998.

Gray, Patrick. " Abortion, Infanticide, and the Social Rhetoric of the Apocalypse of Peter." Journal of Early Christian Studies 9, no. 3 (2001): 313-37. doi:10.1353/earl.2001.0042.

Greggs, Tom. Barth, Origen and Universal Salvation: Restoring Particularity. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199560486.001.0001.

Jenemann, David. Adorno in America. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2007. Ebook Library.

Johnson, Kurt, and Steve Coates. Nabokov's Blues: The Scientific Odyssey of a Literary Genius. Cambridge, MA: Zoland Books, 1999.

Knoll, Arthur J., and Lewis H. Gann, eds. Germans in the Tropics: Essays in German Colonial History. New York: Greenwood Press, 1987.

Kurland, Philip B., and Ralph Lerner, eds. The Founders' Constitution. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000. http://press-pubs.uchicago.edu/founders/. Nov. 2012 (JE) 10

Lee, Christopher J. "Review of African Words, African Voices, ed. Luise White, Stephan F. Miescher and David William Cohen." Oral History Review 31, no. 1 (2004): 83-86.

Lipton, Martina. "Imbricated Identity and the Theatre Star in Early-Twentieth-Century Australasia." PhD thesis, University of Queensland, 2010. https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:213097.

Matusiak, Frederick Charles. "Polybius and Livy: The Causes of the Second Punic War." PhD thesis, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, 1992. ProQuest (9233411).

Menchú, Rigoberta. Crossing Borders. Translated and edited by Ann Wright. New York: Verso, 1999.

Nicolaou, Kyriakos. The Historical Topography of Kition. Studies in Mediterranean Archaeology 43. Goteborg: Astrom, 1976.

Nicolay, Claire. "The Anxiety of 'Mosaic' Influence: Thackeray, Disraeli and Anglo-Jewish Assimilation in the 1840s." Nineteenth Century Contexts 25 (June 2003): 119-45.

Quinault, Ronald. "Afghanistan and Gladstone's Moral Foreign Policy." History Today 52, no. 12 (2002): 28-34.

Scharlau, Winfried and Ming Shi. The Unfortunate Generation: Cultural Revolution and Beyond. Directed by Ralph Quinke. Princeton: Films for the Humanities & Sciences, 2004. DVD.

Silverstein, Theodore, trans. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974.

"Social Classes in Ancient Egypt." Digital Egypt for Universities. 2003. http://www.digitalegypt.ucl.ac.uk/social/index.html.

Stephens, Tony. "The Stain on Redfern's Past." Spectrum, Sydney Morning Herald, February 28- 29, 2004.

Stewart, Ken, ed. The 1890s: Australian Literature and Literary Culture. St. Lucia, Qld.: University of Queensland Press, 1996.

Trevor, William. Introduction to Pride and Prejudice, by Jane Austen, iv-xii. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.

Willis, Sabine. "Made to be Moral: At Parramatta Girls' School, 1898-1923." In Twentieth Century Sydney: Studies in Urban & Social History, edited by Jill Roe, 178-92. Sydney: Hale & Iremonger, 1980.

World Health Organization. Abortion Laws: A Survey of Current World Legislation. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1971.