A reference to a book must include enough information to lead interested readers to the source.
The title of the book is italicised.
List the name of the author(s) or editor(s) or, if none are listed, name of institution standing in their place. An author’s name and the title of a book should generally be cited according to how it appears on the title page.
In a note, the author’s name is given in the normal order. In a bibliography, where names are arranged alphabetically, it is usually inverted (last name first).
| Elements of citation |
Author -- Title: subtitle italicised -- (city, publisher, and date) -- Page number(s) |
|---|---|
| In-text citations |
(Blanshard 2006, 151) |
| Reference list |
Blanshard, Alastair. 2006. Hercules: A Heroic Life. London: Granta. |
| Endnote reference type |
For a print book use "Book" For an ebook use "Electronic Book" |
| Elements of citation |
Two authors (or editors) of the same work are listed in the order in which they appear with the source. In a reference list, only the first author’s name is inverted, and a comma must appear both before and after the first author’s given name or initials. |
|---|---|
| In-text citations |
(Butcher and Elson 2017, 21) |
| Reference List |
Butcher, John G. and R. E. Elson. 2017. Sovereignty and the sea: how Indonesia became an archipelagic state. Singapore: National University of Singapore.
|
| Endnote reference type |
For a print book use "Book" For an ebook use "Electronic Book" Ensure you place authors on separate lines |
| Elements of citation |
Three authors (or editors) of the same work are listed in the order in which they appear with the source. In a reference list, only the first author’s name is inverted, and a comma must appear both before and after the first author’s given name or initials. |
|---|---|
| In-text citations |
(Kargon, Fiss and Low 2015, 57) |
| Reference List |
Kargon, Robert H., Karen Fiss, and Morris Low. 2015. World's Fairs on the Eve of War. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press. |
| Endnote reference type |
For a print book use "Book" For an ebook use "Electronic Book" Ensure you place authors on separate lines |
| Elements of citation |
For a book with four or more authors, include all the authors in the reference list entry. In the text, cite only the last name of the first-listed author, followed by et al. |
|---|---|
| In-text citations |
(McWilliam et al. 2015, 3) |
| Reference list |
McWilliam, Janette, James Donaldson, Amelia Brown, Sandra Christou, and Judith Powell. 2015. Cyprus: An Island and a People. St. Lucia, Qld: RD Milns Antiquities Museum, The University of Queensland. |
| Endnote reference type |
For a print book use "Book" For an ebook use "Electronic Book" Ensure you place authors on separate lines |
| Elements of citation |
In an edited book, a work is listed by the name(s) of the editor(s). In full note citations and in bibliographies, the abbreviation ed. or eds. follows the name, preceded by a comma. |
|---|---|
| In-text citations |
(Ginn, Davies and Rough 2010, 5) |
| Reference list |
Ginn, Geoff, Hilary Davies and Brian Rough, eds. 2010. 'A most promising corps': Citizen soldiers in colonial Queensland. Brisbane, Australia: Colonial Forces Study Group. |
| Endnote reference type | Edited book |
| Elements of citation |
Author -- Date -- Title italicised -- Edited by or Translated by -- Place of Publication -- Publisher. |
|---|---|
| In-text citations |
(Bonnefoy 1995, 15) |
| Bibliography |
Bonnefoy, Yves. 1995. New and Selected Poems. Edited by John Naughton and Anthony Rudolf. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. |
| Endnote reference type |
Book Enter translator’s name in the Translator field
|
| Elements of citation |
For books consulted online, include a URL or the name of the database. For other types of e-books, name the format. If no fixed page numbers are available, cite a section title or a chapter or other number in the notes, if any (or simply omit). |
|---|---|
| In-text citations |
(Borel 2016, 92) (Ballard n.d., loc. 428 of 2960) |
| Reference list |
Ballard, J.G.. n.d. The Drowned World. London: Harper Perennial. Kindle. Borel, Brooke. 2016. The Chicago Guide to Fact-Checking. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ProQuest Ebrary. |
| Endnote reference type | Electronic book |
| Elements of citation |
If the author, editor, translator, or the like for the work is unknown, the reference list entry should normally begin with the title. An initial article is ignored in alphabetizing. Text citations may refer to a short form of the title but must include the first word (other than an initial article) |
|---|---|
| In-text citations |
(True and Sincere Declaration 1610) |
| Reference list |
A True and Sincere Declaration of the Purpose and Ends of the Plantation Begun in Virginia, of the Degrees Which It Hath Received, and Means by Which It Hath Been Advanced. London, 1610. |
| Endnote reference type | Book |
| Elements of citation |
When the same page (or page range) in the same source is cited more than once in one paragraph, the parenthetical citation can be placed after the last reference or at the end of the paragraph (but preceding the final period). When referring to different pages in the same source, however, include a full parenthetical citation at the first reference; subsequent citations need only include page numbers. |
|---|---|
| In-text citation |
Complexion figures prominently in Morgan’s descriptions. When Jasper compliments his mother’s choice of car (a twelve-cylinder Mediterranean roadster with leather and wood-grained interior), “his cheeks blotch indignantly, painted by jealousy and rage” (Chaston 2000, 47). On the other hand, his mother’s mask never changes, her “even-tanned good looks” (56), “burnished visage” (101), and “air-brushed confidence” (211) providing the foil to the drama in her midst. |